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Source: Google.com.pk
They are the framework of the Muslim life: faith, prayer,
concern for the needy, self-purification, and the pilgrimage to Makkah for
those who are able.
1) FAITH
There is no god worthy of worship except God and Muhammad is
His messenger. This declaration of faith is called the Shahada, a simple
formula which all the faithful pronounce. In Arabic, the first part is la ilaha
illa Llah - 'there is no god except God'; ilaha (god) can refer to anything
which we may be tempted to put in place of God - wealth, power, and the like.
Then comes illa Llah: 'except God', the source of all Creation. The second part
of the Shahada is Muhammadun rasulu'Llah: 'Muhammad is the messenger of God.' A
message of guidance has come through a man like ourselves.
Shahada inscribed at Ottoman Topkapi Palace, Istanbul.
2) PRAYER ( Prayer Performance ) ( Prayer in Video ) (
Printable Prayer Description ) ( Prayer Schedules ) ( Books About Salat )
Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are
performed five times a day, and are a direct link between the worshipper and
God. There is no hierarchical authority in Islam, and no priests, so the
prayers are led by a learned person who knows the Quran, chosen by the
congregation. These five prayers contain verses from the Quran, and are said in
Arabic, the language of the Revelation, but personal supplication can be
offered in one's own language. Because shalat is transliterated from arabic
word, so it has multiple english spellings such as salat, salah, sholat, sholah
or shalah.Some peoples also called shalat as namaz
Prayers are said at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and
nightfall, and thus determine the rhythm of the entire day. Although it is preferable
to worship together in a mosque, a Muslim may pray almost anywhere, such as in
fields, offices, factories and universities. Visitors to the Muslim world are
struck by the centrality of prayers in daily life.
A translation of the Call to Prayer is:
God is most great. God is most great.
God is most great. God is most great.
I testify that there is no god except God.
I testify that there is no god except God.
I testify that Muhammad is the messenger ofGod.
I testify that Muhammad is the messenger ofGod.
Come to prayer! Come to prayer!
Come to success (in this life and the Hereafter)!
Come to success!
God is most great. God is most great.
There is no god except God.
New Mexico, U.S.A.
Prayer Call from Abiquiu Mosque.
Adhan
3) THE 'ZAKAT' ( Zakat Information Center )
One of the most important principles of Islam is that all
things belong to God, and that wealth is therefore held by human beings in
trust. The word zakat means both 'purification' and 'growth'. Our possessions
are purified by setting aside a proportion for those in need, and, like the
pruning of plants, this cutting back balances and encourages new growth.
Each Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually.
For most purposes this involves the payment each year of two and a half percent
of one's capital.
Zakat keeps the money flowing within a society, Cairo.
A pious person may also give as much as he or she pleases as
sadaqa, and does so preferably in secret. Although this word can be translated
as 'voluntary charity' it has a wider meaning. The Prophet said 'even meeting
your brother with a cheerful face is charity.'
The Prophet said: 'Charity is a necessity for every Muslim.
' He was asked: 'What if a person has nothing?' The Prophet replied: 'He should
work with his own hands for his benefit and then give something out of such
earnings in charity.' The Companions asked: 'What if he is not able to work?'
The Prophet said: 'He should help poor and needy persons.' The Companions
further asked 'What if he cannot do even that?' The Prophet said 'He should
urge others to do good.' The Companions said 'What if he lacks that also?' The
Prophet said 'He should check himself from doing evil. That is also charity.'
4) THE FAST ( Ramadan Information Center )
Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from
first light until sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations.
Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or
nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up an equal number of days
later in the year. If they are physically unable to do this, they must feed a
needy person for every day missed. Children begin to fast (and to observe the
prayer) from puberty, although many start earlier.
Although the fast is most beneficial to the health, it is
regarded principally as a method of self purification. By cutting oneself off
from worldly comforts, even for a short time, a fasting person gains true
sympathy with those who go hungry as well as growth in one's spiritual life.
5) PILGRIMAGE (HAJJ) ( Hajj Information Center )
The annual pilgrimage to Makkah - the Hajj - is an
obligation only for those who are physically and financially able to perform
it. Nevertheless, about two million people go to Makkah each year from every
corner of the globe providing a unique opportunity for those of different
nations to meet one another. Although Makkah is always filled with visitors,
the annual Hajj begins in the twelfth month of the Islamic year (which is
lunar, not solar, so that Hajj and Ramadan fall sometimes in summer, sometimes
in winter). Pilgrims wear special clothes: simple garments which strip away
distinctions of class and culture, so that all stand equal before God.
Pilgrims praying at the mosque in Makkah.
The rites of the Hajj, which are of Abrahamic origin,
include circling the Ka'ba seven times, and going seven times between the
mountains of Safa and Marwa as did Hagar during her search for water. Then the
pilgrims stand together on the wide plain of Arafa and join in prayers for
God's forgiveness, in what is often thought of as a preview of the Last
Judgment.
In previous centuries the Hajj was an arduous undertaking.
Today, however, Saudi Arabia provides millions of people with water, modern
transport, and the most up-to-date health facilities.
Pilgrim tents during Hajj.
The close of the Hajj is marked by a festival, the Eid
al-Adha, which is celebrated with prayers and the exchange of gifts in Muslim
communities everywhere. This, and the Eid al-Fitr, a feast-day commemorating
the end of Ramadan, are the main festivals of the Muslim calendar.
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